Hexagram 13. Union of People (同人 Tóng Rén)

Trigrams

Above

☰ Qián (Heaven) — 天 · Creative

Below

☲ Lí (Fire) — 火 · Radiance

Symbolic Meaning

同人 (Tóng Rén) describes alignment among people based on what is shared and visible. It is not mere closeness, but union formed in the open through recognition of a common principle.

Judgment

Original Chinese:
同人于野，亨。利涉大川，利君子贞。
(Tóng rén yú yě, hēng. Lì shè dà chuān, lì jūn zǐ zhēn.)

"Union with people in the open. Smooth progress. It is favorable to undertake a major transition. It is favorable for the superior person to remain correctly aligned."

True alignment arises in what is open and shared, not confined to private or exclusive circles. When union is based on a clear common ground, movement becomes possible even across difficulty.

Constancy ensures that this union does not fragment. Without a stable principle, association becomes unstable or partial.

Image

Original Chinese:
天火同人。君子以类族辨物。
(Tiān huǒ tóng rén. Jūn zǐ yǐ lèi zú biàn wù.)

"Heaven and fire move together: union of people. The superior person distinguishes kinds and groups things according to their nature."

Fire illuminates upward toward heaven, making what is shared visible. Union is formed through clarity, not through confusion or sameness.

The superior person does not erase differences but understands them, grouping and relating things appropriately. Through this, true alignment becomes possible.

Line 1

Original Chinese:
同人于门，无咎。
(Tóng rén yú mén, wú jiù.)

"Union at the gate. No error."

Union begins at the threshold—an initial point of contact. It is still limited, but it is correct in direction.

There is no error because the movement toward connection has begun, even if it is not yet fully developed.

Line 2

Original Chinese:
同人于宗，吝。
(Tóng rén yú zōng, lìn.)

"Union within the clan. Limited outcome."

When union is confined to a closed group, it becomes limited and self-referential.

This restricts broader alignment and prevents the formation of a wider, more effective unity.

Line 3

Original Chinese:
伏戎于莽，升其高陵，三岁不兴。
(Fú róng yú mǎng, shēng qí gāo líng, sān suì bù xīng.)

"Forces concealed in the brush, rising to high ground; for an extended period, no movement."

This line shows hidden opposition within what should be union. Suspicion and guarded positioning prevent true alignment.

Because trust is absent, no real progress can occur, even over an extended period.

Line 4

Original Chinese:
乘其墉，弗克攻，吉。
(Chéng qí yōng, fú kè gōng, jí.)

"Positioned upon the wall, yet not advancing to attack. Favorable outcome."

There is awareness of division, but force is withheld. This restraint prevents further separation.

By not escalating conflict, the possibility of restoring alignment remains intact.

Line 5

Original Chinese:
同人，先号咷而后笑。大师克相遇。
(Tóng rén, xiān háo táo ér hòu xiào. Dà shī kè xiāng yù.)

"Union: first distress, then release. A great organizing force brings about meeting."

Union may pass through tension or separation before it stabilizes. The initial difficulty reflects the challenge of achieving genuine alignment.

When the unifying force is strong enough, separation resolves and connection is restored.

Line 6

Original Chinese:
同人于郊，无悔。
(Tóng rén yú jiāo, wú huǐ.)

"Union in the outskirts. No regret."

Union extends beyond the center into wider space. It is no longer confined or exclusive.

Because it remains open and unforced, it brings no regret, even if it lacks intensity.