Hexagram 6. Conflict (訟 Sòng)

Trigrams

Above

☰ Qián (Heaven) — 天 · Creative

Below

☵ Kǎn (Water) — 水 · Depth

Symbolic Meaning

訟 (Sòng) describes contention, dispute, and opposing claims. It arises when two sides move against each other and no natural accord is present. The hexagram does not treat conflict as inherently heroic; it shows that once contention hardens, it becomes difficult to conclude well.

In human terms, conflict tends to escalate if not recognized early. Clarity, restraint, and careful judgment shape whether it remains manageable or grows into something more difficult to resolve.

Judgment

Original Chinese:
有孚，窒惕，中吉，终凶。利见大人，不利涉大川。
(Yǒu fú, zhì tì, zhōng jí, zhōng xiōng. Lì jiàn dà rén, bù lì shè dà chuān.)

"There is underlying alignment, but also obstruction and apprehension. A middle course brings favorable outcome; carrying it through to the end brings unfavorable outcome. It is favorable to engage a person of great capacity. It is not a case where it is favorable to undertake a major transition."

This passage describes a conflict in which one may be sincere and justified, yet still blocked by opposing forces. The best outcome comes from handling the matter before it hardens into a prolonged struggle. Once pushed to the extreme, even a justified dispute turns harmful.

Seeking sound judgment and avoiding major undertakings while contention is active allows the situation to remain contained. Resolution depends on measured handling rather than total victory.

Image

Original Chinese:
天与水违行，訟。君子以作事谋始。
(Tiān yǔ shuǐ wéi xíng, sòng. Jūn zǐ yǐ zuò shì móu shǐ.)

"Heaven and water move in opposite directions: conflict. The superior person considers the beginning of affairs."

The image shows two movements that do not align, making friction inevitable. Conflict often begins not at the moment of open dispute, but much earlier, in mismatched intentions and directions.

For that reason, the lesson is to think carefully at the outset. When beginnings are handled well, open contention is less likely to arise.

Line 1

Original Chinese:
不永所事，小有言，终吉。
(Bù yǒng suǒ shì, xiǎo yǒu yán, zhōng jí.)

"Do not continue the matter for long. There may be some small words, but ending in a favorable outcome."

This line advises against extending a dispute unnecessarily. Minor disagreement or criticism may still occur, but it need not grow into something larger.

The good outcome comes from not pressing the issue too far. Letting a small quarrel stop at a small quarrel prevents greater trouble.

Line 2

Original Chinese:
不克訟，归而逋。其邑人三百户，无眚。
(Bù kè sòng, guī ér bū. Qí yì rén sān bǎi hù, wú shěng.)

"One cannot prevail in the dispute. Return and withdraw. The people of one's town, three hundred households, are without harm."

This line recognizes a conflict that cannot be won. The wise response is retreat, not because one is necessarily wrong, but because continuation would bring needless damage.

Withdrawal protects what is still intact. By stepping back, one preserves one's circle and avoids wider harm.

Line 3

Original Chinese:
食旧德，贞厉，终吉。或从王事，无成。
(Shí jiù dé, zhēn lì, zhōng jí. Huò cóng wáng shì, wú chéng.)

"Living on former virtue. Correct alignment: risk present, yet ending in a favorable outcome. One may follow the governing authority's work, but without personal achievement."

This line points to relying on what has already been earned rather than forcing a claim in the present. Holding firm is risky, but not ruinous, if one remains properly grounded.

It also suggests serving a larger cause without seeking credit. The matter may be carried through, but not in a way that brings personal distinction.

Line 4

Original Chinese:
不克訟，復即命渝，安貞吉。
(Bù kè sòng, fù jí mìng yú, ān zhēn jí.)

"One cannot prevail in the dispute. Turn back and return to what is appointed; changing course and settling into correct alignment leads to a favorable outcome."

This line shows the moment when pressing further no longer serves any purpose. The proper response is to stop contending, accept the situation, and alter one's course.

Good fortune comes through settling oneself rather than pushing for victory. Peace is restored by returning to stability.

Line 5

Original Chinese:
訟元吉。
(Sòng yuán jí.)

"In conflict, there is primary favorable outcome."

This line points to a dispute handled at the right level and in the right way. It suggests sound judgment, fairness, and the ability to bring the matter to proper resolution.

The good fortune does not come from contention itself, but from the just settlement of it. Under capable handling, even conflict can lead to a good outcome.

Line 6

Original Chinese:
或锡之鞶带，终朝三褫之。
(Huò xī zhī pán dài, zhōng zhāo sān chǐ zhī.)

"One may be granted a belt of honor, yet before the morning is over it is stripped away three times."

This line warns that apparent victory in conflict may be unstable and short-lived. Recognition gained through contention does not rest on secure ground.

What is won outwardly can be quickly lost again. The image cautions against pursuing triumph for status or display.